Symposium Introduction

Water - the most common inorganic compounds on the planet, and water -- basis of all life processes, the only source of oxygen in the main driving the process on Earth - photosynthesis.

With the emergence of life on Earth water cycle has become relatively complex, because to simple phenomenon of evaporation added more complex processes associated with vital functions of living organisms, especially man.

The use of water resources are increasing rapidly. This is population growth and the improvement of sanitary conditions of human life, development of industry and irrigated agriculture. Daily water consumption domestic needs in rural areas is 50 liters per 1 person Urban - 150 liters. Huge amount of water used in industry. On output of 1 ton of steel should be 200 m ³ . The production of 1 ton of paper requires 100 m ³ , to produce 1 ton of synthetic fibers - from 2500 to 5000 m ³ . The industry absorbs 85% of all water consumed in the cities, leaving the domestic goal of about 15%.

More water for irrigation. During the year, on 1 hectare of irrigated land takes 12-14 m ³ of water. In our country every year is spent on irrigate more than 150 km ³ , while all other needs - about 50 km ³ .

At this rate of consumption and taking into account population growth and production volumes in 2100, humanity may exhaust all reserves fresh water.