Symposium Introduction

The problem of radioactive contamination emerged in 1945 after the atomic bombing bombs dropped on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Nuclear Tests Weapons produced in the atmosphere have caused global radiation contamination. Radioactive contamination has significant difference from the others.

Radioactive nuclides - is the nucleus of unstable chemical elements emitting charged particles and short-wave electromagnetic radiation. These particles and radiation entering the human body, destroying cells, due which could cause various diseases, including radiation. The explosion atomic bomb there is very strong ionizing radiation, radioactive particles are scattered at great distances, contaminating soil, water, living organisms. Many radioactive isotopes have long half-life, remain dangerous as long as its existence. These isotopes are included in the cycling of matter, fall in living organisms and have destructive effect on the cells. Very dangerous strontium, due to its proximity to calcium. Accumulating in the bones of the skeleton, it serves as a constant source of exposure of the organism. Radioactive cesium ( ¹³⁷ Cs) is similar to potassium, its a lot of muscles of affected animals. Studies have shown that body of the Eskimos of Alaska, eating meat of deer, in significant quantities contained cesium 137. Negligent storage and transportation

Radiation elements leads to serious radioactive contamination. A nuclear explosion produced an enormous amount of fine dust, which is long kept in the atmosphere and absorbs a significant part of solar radiation.

Calculations of scientists show that even with a limited, local application nuclear weapons formed dust will hold most of solar radiation. A long cold snap ( "nuclear winter"), which will inevitably lead to the death of all life on Earth.