Symposium Introduction

Most of the processes that change over geological time the face of our planet, previously considered as purely physical, chemical or physical phenomena (erosion, dissolution, precipitation, hydrolysis, etc.). Biosphere Vernadsky called that region of our planet, in which there is or ever there was life and which is constantly exposed or was exposed to living organisms.

The participation of each individual organism in Earth's geological history is negligible few. However, the living beings on Earth are infinitely many, they have a high potential breeding, actively interact with the environment and ultimately represent in their totality a special, global scale factor that converts the upper shell of the Earth.

The value of organisms due to their diversity, the widespread distribution, duration of existence in Earth's history, electoral nature of the biochemical activity and extremely high chemical activity compared with other parts of nature.

Special category is biokosnoe substance. Vernadsky wrote that it is created in the biosphere, both living organisms and stagnant processes introducing a system of dynamic equilibrium and those of others. "The organisms in biokosnom matter play a leading role. Biokosnoe substance of the planet - it soil, the weathering crust, all natural water properties, which depend on of living matter on Earth. Biosphere - this is an area of the Earth, which may be covered by the influence of living matter. With modern positions biosphere is considered as the most major ecosystems of the planet, supporting the global cycling of matter.