Symposium Introduction

Mass of the atmosphere of our planet is negligible - only one-millionth the mass of Earth. However, its role in natural processes of the biosphere is enormous: it defines overall thermal regime of the surface of our planet, protecting it from harmful effects of cosmic and ultraviolet radiation. Atmospheric circulation impact on local climatic conditions, and through them - on the regime rivers, soil and vegetation, the processes of relief.

Modern composition of the atmosphere - the result of long historical development globe. The composition of the atmosphere - oxygen, nitrogen, argon, carbon dioxide and inert gases.

In the course of its business people pollute the environment. Over cities and industrial areas in the atmosphere increases the concentration of gases which are usually in rural areas in very small quantities or absent. Polluted air is bad for health. Besides, harmful gases combine with atmospheric moisture and falling as acid rain, degrade the quality of the soil and reduce yields.

According to scientists worldwide every year as a result of human activities in atmosphere acts 25,5 billion tons of carbon oxides, 190 tons of sulfur oxides, 65 million tons of nitrogen oxides, 1,4 million tons of CFCs, organic lead compounds, hydrocarbons, including carcinogens, a large number of solid particles (dust, soot, carbon black).

Global air pollution impacts on the natural ecosystems, especially vegetation of our planet. Acid rain, caused mainly by sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, cause great harm to forest biocenoses. They are affected forests, especially conifers.